Maggie's Centre Barts. Image © Iwan Baan
2018年伦敦建筑开放日必看的10个项目
10 Must-See Buildings to Discover at Open House London 2018
由专筑网李韧，吴静雅编译
2018年伦敦建筑开放日将于今年9月举办，届时会向公众开放800多座建筑。现在是第27届，为期一周的节日将提供免费的导游服务，并打开了通往城市各处的建筑和大门。今年将展出一系列令人兴奋的建筑，包括由KieranTimberlake设计的美国大使馆、Steven Holl Architects事务所设计的马吉医疗中心，以及由福斯特建筑事务所设计的彭博新欧洲总部。因此，小编为大家总结了在本次开放日中，最为值得欣赏的10大建筑。
Open House London 2018 has officially released the list of over 800 buildings open to the public this September. Now in its 27th edition, the weekend-long festival offers free guided tours and open doors to buildings and architecture across the city. This year, a range of exciting architecture will be featured, including the new US Embassy by KieranTimberlake, Maggie's Barts by Steven Holl Architects, and Bloomberg European Headquarters by Foster + Partners, the world's most sustainable office building. Find out our list of the top 10 must-see buildings to discover at this year's Open House.
Maggie's Centre Barts. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
Maggie's Centre Barts. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
Maggie's Centre Barts. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
马吉医疗中心/史蒂芬•霍尔建筑事务所
马吉医疗中心于2017年12月正式投入使用，马吉中心非常独特，这里的员工和蔼亲切，为癌症患者及其家人朋友们带来情感与社会支持。如果说马吉中心是一座医院，倒不如说这里更像一个家庭，这里没有接待桌，墙上也没有设置标牌，工作人员没有姓名工号，只是在建筑的中央设置有一张大餐桌。建筑师通过这种方式来表达服务人员和被服务人员之间的密切关系，同时这也为使用者的心理带来慰藉。
Maggie's Barts by Steven Holl Architects
Maggie's Barts opened in December 2017 . Maggie's Centres are unique, welcoming and uplifting places with qualified staff on hand to provide free practical, emotional and social support for people with cancer, their families and friends. Maggie’s Centers are designed to feel more like a home than a hospital, with no reception desk, no signs on the wall, no name badges and a big kitchen table at their heart. This approach supports the informal relationships between staff and visitors, and is an important part of the unique support they offer.
Serpentine Pavilion 2018. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
Serpentine Pavilion 2018. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
2018年蛇形展馆/ Frida Escobedo
建筑师Frida Escobedo十分擅长活跃的城市空间的设计，同时也受到委托设计2018年蛇形展馆。这座展馆有着封闭的院落形式，建筑由两个直角体量组合而成。外部墙体与蛇形展馆的东立面齐平，而内部庭院的轴线则向北齐平。内部庭院是墨西哥国内建筑的共同特征，而这座展馆的主要轴线则呼应了本初子午线，这条轴线于1851年在格林威治确立，同时也成为了时间和地理距离的全球指示标准。
Serpentine Pavilion 2018 by Frida Escobedo
Architect Frida Escobedo, celebrated for dynamic projects that reactivate urban space, has been commissioned to design the Serpentine Pavilion 2018. Escobedo’s Pavilion takes the form of an enclosed courtyard, comprised of two rectangular volumes positioned at an angle. While the outer walls align with the Serpentine Gallery’s eastern façade, the axis of the internal courtyard align directly to the north. Internal courtyards are a common feature of Mexican domestic architecture, while the Pavilion’s pivoted axis refers to the Prime Meridian, which was established in 1851 at Greenwich and became the global standard marker of time and geographical distance.
London City Hall. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
London City Hall. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
伦敦市政厅/福斯特建筑事务所
伦敦市政厅象征着民主、亲近、可持续性。伦敦议会的25名成员、市长，以及英国伦敦的地方政府的500名工作人员都能够在此举行会议或办公。这座公共建筑拉近了公众与政府人员之间的距离，该建筑属于泰晤士河南岸的伦敦总体规划项目，而这个规划项目也由福斯特建筑事务所负责设计，建筑师将办公楼、商店、咖啡厅、景观公共场所集结起来，重新构成了数十年未经开发的全新滨河区域。
London City Hall by Foster + Partners
City Hall has been designed as a model of democracy, accessibility and sustainability. It houses the assembly chamber for the 25 elected members of the London Assembly and the offices of the Mayor and 500 staff of the Greater London Authority. It is a highly public building, bringing visitors into close proximity with the workings of the democratic process. The building is set within the Foster-designed More London master plan on the south bank of the Thames, bringing a rich mix of office buildings, shops, cafés and landscaped public spaces to a section of the riverside that had remained undeveloped for decades.
Canada Water Library. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
Canada Water Library. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
加拿大水上图书馆/ CZWG
加拿大水上图书馆地区的中心位置，建筑呈倒金字塔形，从而能够在狭小的场地中拥有更多的功能空间。体量中包含有咖啡厅、表演空间、网络中心，并且在一层的某区域中还放置有当代流行书籍，建筑的整体形态向上扩大，在这个展厅式的双层体量中便是图书馆的主要空间。整座建筑外部包裹着铝制面板，上面镀有轻质穿孔铜板。
Canada Water Library by CZWG
A civic centerpiece for the regeneration of the area, the Canada Water Library is inverted pyramid form is an innovative response to providing an efficient single large library floor on a smaller footprint site. The pyramid form contains a readily accessible café, performance space, internet points and popular books within a small footprint at ground level, whilst the expanding shape above enables the containment of the main library within a single, galleried, skylit double volume. The whole is clad in aluminium sheets, anodized a light bronze with sequinned perforations.
U.S. Embassy. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
U.S. Embassy. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
U.S. Embassy. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
美国大使馆/ KieranTimberlake
位于九榆的美国驻英大使馆体现了最好的现代设计，融合了最新的建筑节能技术，表达了自由与民主的价值观。九榆区是伦敦南岸的工业开发区，近年来正在逐步发展，而这些条件也为全新大使馆奠定了场地基础。大使馆每日大约有1000名游客，同时还有800名工作人员，大使馆将成为伦敦该区域的一大代表。建筑坐落在区域的中心地带，这里的公共花园还包含有水池、步行道、休息座椅区，以及沿途景观。人们可以通过弧形步道进入建筑内部，每个楼层特有的花园盘旋向上。
U.S. Embassy by KieranTimberlake
The new U.S. Embassy in Nine Elms reflects the best of modern design, incorporates the latest in energy-efficient building techniques, and celebrates the values of freedom and democracy. The Nine Elms district, a South Bank industrial zone under intense redevelopment, is a unique setting for the new Embassy. With an estimated 1,000 daily visitors and 800 staff, the Embassy is poised to establish a strong framework for the urbanization of Nine Elms. The Embassy stands at the center of this burgeoning area of London, with a public park containing a pond, walkways, seating, and landscape along its edges. Curving walkways continue into the interior of the building with gardens on each floor that extend the spiraling movement upward.
Bridge Theater. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
Bridge Theater. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
塔桥剧院/ Haworth Tompkins
伦敦的这座全新的商业剧院使用期为80年，塔桥剧院位于市政厅和塔桥之间的一片场地上，其门厅俯瞰着河水流到伦敦塔。这座建筑的建成只用了2年，并且运用最新的预制技术，其中包含有935个座位，该项目由Haworth Tompkins、专业工程制造商Tait Technologies，以及伦敦戏剧公司合作完成。设计方案有着极大的适应性，同时又不丢失历史剧院空间的亲密性。明亮、宽敞建筑大堂有着极其抢眼的外部标识，这个立面直接面向着泰晤士河上方的伦敦塔。
Bridge Theatre by Haworth Tompkins
London's first new commercial theatre of scale to be built for 80 years, the Bridge Theatre occupies an extraordinary site between City Hall and Tower Bridge, its lobby looking out over the river to the Tower of London. Completed in just over 2 years from inception using leading edge prefabrication techniques, the 935-seat flexible auditorium is a collaboration between Haworth Tompkins, specialist engineering manufacturer Tait Technologies and the London Theatre Company. The design aims to provide maximum adaptability of format without losing the intimacy and density associated with the best historic theatre spaces. The bright, generous, transparent new lobby with super graphic external signage faces directly out to the Tower of London over the Thames.
Royal Academy of Music - Theatre and new Recital Hall. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
Royal Academy of Music - Theatre and new Recital Hall. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
Royal Academy of Music - Theatre and new Recital Hall. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
皇家音乐学院——剧场及演奏厅/ Ian Ritchie Architects事务所
皇家音乐学院的剧场和全新演奏大厅项目为英国最古老的音乐学院创造了两个独特、杰出的表演空间，这里兼具戏剧和音乐表演功能，Susie Sainsbury剧院坐落于学院的中心地带，可以容纳309个座位，设计灵感来源于管弦乐器的弧形形态，因此这个空间有着非常优质的声学条件。在原有建筑的混凝土墙体之中，这座全新的剧院增加了40%个座位、大型管弦乐池、侧台，以及飞行塔楼。在这座剧院里，每个位置都能毫无视线遮挡地看到舞台上的表演，较大型管弦乐池也为这里诸如传统戏剧、当代歌剧、音乐戏剧等表演增添了更多可能。
Royal Academy of Music - Theatre and Recital Hall by Ian Ritchie Architects
The Royal Academy of Music’s Theatre and new Recital Hall project has created two distinct, outstanding performance spaces for Britain’s oldest conservatoire. Designed for both opera and musical theatre productions, The Susie Sainsbury Theatre sits at the heart of the Academy. Inspired by the curved shapes of string instruments, the 309-seat cherry-lined Theatre has been acoustically refined to deliver excellent sound qualities. Within the old concrete walls, the Theatre incorporates 40% more seating than previously through the addition of a balcony, as well as a larger orchestra pit, a stage wing and a fly tower. All seats have unimpeded views of the stage, while the larger orchestra pit allows for an expanded repertoire choice, from early to modern opera and musical theatre.
Bloomberg European Headquarters. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
Bloomberg European Headquarters. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
Bloomberg European Headquarters. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
Bloomberg European Headquarters. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
彭博新欧洲总部/福斯特建筑事务所
彭博新欧洲总部是全球最大的可持续办公大楼，这家位于伦敦的金融技术和信息公司拥有4000名员工，其独特的设计形式也促进了公司的合作与创新。建筑的外观在形式、体量、材料方面呼应当地的传统特征，同时也表达了城市肌理，并且呼应周边的公共区域。在建筑内部，动态现代的功能空间也呼应了该公司的使用需求，表达了其公开、透明、合作的核心价值理念。最重要的是，这座建筑也成为了可持续办公建筑设计的全新标准，其BREEAM等级为杰出，计分结果为98.5%，这是当前办公建筑所达到的最高程度。在使用中，这座建筑比普通办公建筑的节约了70%的用水量和35%的能源消耗量。
Bloomberg European Headquarters by Foster + Partners
Bloomberg's European Headquarters is the world's most sustainable office building. Home to the financial technology and information company's 4,000 London-based employees, its unique design promotes collaboration and innovation. In its form, massing and materials, the building's exterior is respectful of its historic setting - a natural extension of the City that will endure and improve the surrounding public realm. Inside, its dynamic, contemporary interior is a highly specific response to the global financial information and technology company's needs and embodies the organisations core values of transparency, openness and collaboration. Above all, the building sets a new standard in sustainable office design, with a BREEAM Outstanding rating of 98.5% – the highest design-stage score ever achieved by any major office development. The development uses 70% less water and 35% less energy than a typical office building.
LSE Saw Hock Student Centre. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
LSE Saw Hock Student Centre. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
Saw Swee Hock学生中心/ O'Donnell + Tuomey
Saw Swee Hock学生中心的使用团体是LSE学生会，而该项目也被列入斯特灵奖的入围名单之中。这座建筑有着如戏剧般的塑性造型和特殊的穿孔砖立面，同时也获得了BREEAM杰出等级。设计方案充分地表达了学生中心的动态特性，场地的复杂几何性使得建筑师构思了不规则但却充满活力的布局形态，内部空间通过楼梯进行流动与划分，同时在每个楼层都设置有公共交流场所。
Saw Swee Hock Student Center by O'Donnell + Tuomey
Home to the LSE Students' Union, the Saw Swee Hock Student Center has been shortlisted for the Stirling Prize. The building has a dramatic sculptural form and unusual perforated brick façade achieving BREEAM Outstanding status. Designed to embody the dynamic character of a contemporary Student Centre, the complex geometries of the site provided a starting point for a lively arrangement of irregular floor plates, each particular to its function. Space flows freely in plan and section, with stairs turning to create meeting places at every level.
The Shard. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
The Shard. Image Courtesy of London Open House 2018
伦敦碎片大厦/伦佐•皮亚诺建筑事务所
在伦敦的建筑开放日中，伦佐•皮亚诺设计的伦敦碎片大厦将开放至72层，这也是建筑的最高层。这里有着凌驾于800英尺（约243米）的露天景观走廊，而参观者们周围则环绕着玻璃幕墙。建筑大师伦佐•皮亚诺的这座碎片大厦重新定义了伦敦的城市天际线，同时也成为了伦敦的又一城市象征。其800英尺（约243米）的高度几乎是其他高层建筑的两倍，游客将在晴朗的日子里体验到无与伦比的360度全景视图，最远可达40英里。。当游客进入建筑，可以乘坐高速电梯，感受在60秒之内便从1层来到68层，然后在69层的观景平台上欣赏壮观的首都全景，同时还可以在伦敦最高的酒吧里享受一杯美酒，或者和爱人在72层的露台上享受美妙时刻。
2018年伦敦建筑开放日于9月22日至23日举行，完整的开放项目可以在开放日的官方网站上查询。
The Shard by Renzo Piano Building Workshop
For Open House London, Renzo Piano's The Shard will be open at Level 72, the highest accessible point of the building. There, an open-air viewing gallery rests 800ft above ground, exposed to the elements, where guests are surrounded by the shards of glass forming the pinnacle of the building. Designed by Master Architect Renzo Piano, The Shard has redefined London’s skyline and quickly established its place as a dynamic symbol of London. At a height of up to 800ft or 244m, and at almost twice the height of any other vantage point in London, visitors will experience unrivalled 360 degree views over the city for up to 40 miles on a clear day. Begin your journey in our extraordinary high-speed lifts that carry you from Level 1 to Level 68 in sixty seconds. Once there, enjoy spectacular panoramic views of the capital from our Level 69 observation deck whilst unwinding with a glass of bubbles at London's highest Champagne bar, or share a moment with a loved one spotting London’s famous landmarks from our open-air skydeck on Level 72, where exposed to the elements you can take in the atmosphere and sounds of the city below.
Open House London 2018 takes place from September 22-23. The full program is available to view on the Open House London website.
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