西班牙San Mateo住宅重建项目
Reconstruction of Residencial San Mateo in Lorca / MCEA | ARQUITECTURA + NAOS 04 ARQUITECTOS

由专筑网李韧，王雪纯编译

来自建筑事务所的描述：San Mateo老住宅大楼曾经是当地最具标志性的建筑，建筑有着独特的结构，其核心空间面向Juan Carlos I大道开放。在2011年5月11日的地震中，这座建筑受到了严重的损坏，在一个月之后被完全拆除。

Text description provided by the architects. The old residential building of San Mateo was among the most iconic structures of the city of Lorca, due to its unusual configuration with a central space opening onto Juan Carlos I Avenue. Having sustained serious damage during the earthquake of May 11th, 2011, its complete demolition was undertaken a month later.







2011年10月，建筑的业主社区公布了设计竞赛，目的是找到适合建筑的重建方案。在竞赛公告中，客户们说明了项目设计的重要性，因此需要表达原有建筑的结构体系，从而保证业主的所有权不受影响。

In October 2011, the building’s Community of Owners announced a competition of ideas to select the most appropriate project for the reconstruction of their homes. The contest guidelines made special mention of the need for design projects to establish a structure of ownership reflecting that of the original building, so that each of the owners could regain the position they had previously occupied in the complex.



MCEA | ARQUITECTURA 事务所与NAOS 04 ARQUITECTOS事务所认为，该建筑项目是一次契机，一次结合所有业主的共识来完成重建工作的契机。因此，建筑师将业主们长久以来在这里的不同生活方式与设计方案相结合，从而尽量保留原有建筑体系。与此同时，业主们也能够参与到项目的设计之中，通过灵活的布局，来提升单户住宅或小型住宅的实用性。

The proposal submitted by MCEA | ARQUITECTURA and NAOS 04 ARQUITECTOS envisioned the architectural project as an instrument capable of making reconstruction viable through achieving the necessary consensus of all owners within the building. Thus it was seen as essential to incorporate into the draft process the experiences and different ways of living that each of the owners had developed over time, so that the reconstruction and occupation of new homes could be made the least traumatic possible. Similarly, owners were also given the opportunity to incorporate into the project their current and future needs, through the design of flexible layouts that led in many cases to the availability of either new a single dwelling or two smaller ones.





这个业主参与的过程包含以下几个阶段：

1、在第一阶段，每位业主填写了表格来表达他们的内心想法与建议。
2、第二阶段，建筑师设计了住宅的类型，并且将收集到的业主的建议考虑在内。
3、第三阶段，类型部分得以实现，每位业主都了解了由垂直空间所限定的不同住宅类型，然后选择他们所认为合适的空间，最后再进行具体的微调。

This participatory process, in which all owners were individually involved with the design team, consisted primarily of the following phases:
1. In the first phase the needs of each individual owner were defined by filling out detailed forms reflecting all the proposals and comments which they considered relevant.
2. In the second phase of work a process of designing housing typologies was undertaken, one which embraced all proposals for distribution received in the first phase.
3. A third phase of work was then developed in which each of the owners were given the different typologies defined on the vertical of their home, in order to select the one which best suited their needs and finally to introduce those specific changes considered opportune by each owner.



这一过程会呈现在最终的方案之中，其中包括有45种不同的住宅类型，这也获得了业主们的认可。

The end result of this participatory process was reflected in the final draft, which included 45 different dwelling typologies, thus achieving the acceptance of, and identification with, owners in the jointly developed project.



每位业主都参与到了设计过程中，使得整个社区的管理更加和谐，建筑师通过百叶窗等体系，在立面中表达了设计理念。业主可以改变整个方案，然后再让建筑师进行调整，满足不同个体的不同需求。

This process, which incorporated the willingness of each individual owner to contribute to the ordering and management of the whole group of dwellings, also sought to reflect a similar ethos in the design of the façade, through a general system of shutters in which the individual of owners could change the overall composition, thus obtaining an image of the building in constant flux and adaption to the needs of the individuals therein.



















































建筑设计：MCEA | ARQUITECTURA, NAOS 04 ARQUITECTOS
地点：西班牙，穆尔西亚
类别：住宅
工程装置：Juan Manuel Vázquez Sánchez / ATP Ingenieros / DM Ingeniería
结构工程：José Antonio Hernández Cañadas / QL Ingeniería / ALIVA Ingenieros
声学：Sonen
执行方：Acrópolis Arquitectura
施工方：Dragados / Tecopsa
客户：Comunidad de Propietarios del Residencial San Mateo
面积：256202.6平方英尺（约23802平方米）
项目时间：2016年
摄影：DAVID FRUTOS FOTOGRAFíA DE ARQUITECTURA
制造商：Cortizo, Levantina, Otis, Porcelanosa, Isover, Pamesa

Architects: MCEA | ARQUITECTURA, NAOS 04 ARQUITECTOS
Location: Av. Juan Carlos I, 39, 30800 Lorca, Murcia, Spain
Category: Residential
Engineering Installations: Juan Manuel Vázquez Sánchez / ATP Ingenieros / DM Ingeniería
Structural Engineering: José Antonio Hernández Cañadas / QL Ingeniería / ALIVA Ingenieros
Acoustics: Sonen
Direction of Execution: Acrópolis Arquitectura
Construction Company: Dragados / Tecopsa
Clients: Comunidad de Propietarios del Residencial San Mateo
Area: 256202.6 ft2
Project Year: 2016
Photographs: DAVID FRUTOS FOTOGRAFíA DE ARQUITECTURA
Manufacturers: Cortizo, Levantina, Otis, Porcelanosa, Isover, Pamesa