西班牙巴塞罗那酒吧别墅翻新项目
Refurbishment of Bar El Villa - Vermuteria del Mar / AMOO | Aureli Mora + Omar Ornaque

由专筑网李韧，王帅编译

来自建筑事务所的描述：该项目位于巴塞罗那Gracia区一建筑底层，这座建筑已经获得了城市C级保护权益。从上世纪90年代起，这个空间主要用于经营酒吧。其室内也正如当时的巴塞罗那大多数的空间布局，它有着有着细长的空间体量，同时后方设置有小型院落。

Text description provided by the architects. The premises are located in a building’s ground floor, in the Gracia neighbourhood in Barcelona. It has been catalogued with a level C of protection (Well of Urban Interest). As from the 90s, it has worked as a bar with a mixed licence. The interior, as it happens with the vast majority of ground floors from the 1900s in Barcelona, has the shape of an elongated tube, with a small patio at the back.

为了改造这座旧项目，建筑师从以下几个方面进行了思考：

立面的复原：在原先的状态下，建筑一层高度为4.5米，入口高度只是总高的一半，并且还有用于旧建筑的排烟设施以及一个大型标识牌。在改造方案中，建筑师将这些元素全部清除，回归建筑的原有立面。

In order to reform the old establishment, the following criteria have been taken into account:
Restitution of the façade: in the original state, the entrance hole, with a height of 4.50m, was only covered halfway, with grates which belonged to an old smoke extraction, and a large opaque sign. The proposal eliminates these elements, going back to the original composition and dignifying the building.

出入便捷性：建筑师取消了室内的台阶，取而代之的是平缓的坡道。人们从建筑入口来到酒吧，几乎难以察觉地形上的差异。

Accessibility: the interior slopes are eliminated at the access, replacing them with a smooth slope, which is less than 4% and imperceptible. It goes from the entrance till the beginning of the bar.

自然采光：建筑师恢复了建筑的立面，拆除原有天花板，让光线进入室内。而在建筑后侧，封闭的旧办公区域也被拆除，而洗手间则设置了两个大型开口，从而形成了一条光的通道。

Natural lighting: the restitution of the patrimonial façade, cutting out the original ceiling, duplicates the entrance of light from the access. At the back of the establishment, the closings of the old office are demolished and the distribution of the restrooms is modified to make two large openings which generate a new entrance of very necessary natural light.

声学舒适性：毕竟这是一个公共场所，建筑师在天花吊顶和部分侧面区域覆盖了软木吸声面板，这样能够避免酒吧内的嘈杂声影响到周边邻居。因此，软木面板成为了室内空间的主要装饰材质。

Acoustic comfort: given the acoustic requirements of a public venue, the false ceiling and part of the sides have been covered with cork panels, a sound-absorbent material, so reverberation can be avoided and also to reduce transmission to the neighbours. The plastic qualities of the cork finish are used as the main decorative motif of the establishment.

在完成这些改造之后，该项目的另一个设计策略则是将一个空间中区分了两个功能场所，其中一个区域由软木和瓷砖覆盖而成，同时其墙面与地面具有一定的材质连贯性。另一个空间则放置了一系列的建造物件，其内部表面上运用了大理石砖，建筑师通过不同的几何形态对各个功能空间进行了排布。

Having completed these essential criteria, the project’s strategy consists of differentiating two sectors in one space. In the first place, the perimeter is projected, formed by the cork and tile coverings, and pavements and walls with a continuous covering. In the second place, a series of construction objects are built, with envelopes lined with marble tiles, scattered throughout the premises. Through its geometries, the uses are arranged:

周边环境：正如之前所提及，天花吊顶和墙面饰有软木材质，这种元素能够激发渔船设计意向，通过切割而形成的几何划分带来了平面节奏感，同时建筑师将照明灯具也放置于此，这让它们看上去如同漂浮在空中一般。上部的软木吊顶中被切出一个个洞，同样的方式不但给人带来轻松愉悦，同时再次呼应了室内的序列韵律，让顾客充分享受来自上部的光明。室内大部分墙体都结合有条状装饰，其间排布着蓝白瓷砖，不同的排布方式组合在一起，形成抽象的平面效果，成为建筑中的专属壁画，同时不断换起安达卢西亚风格的独特意向。最后，一条连贯的通道连接向墙面，为整体空间带来更加抽象的气息。

Surrounding: as we have said beforehand, the false ceiling and the walls are lined with cork, an element which evokes fishing materials, making use of its cutting to generate stripes which will generate a rhythm throughout the local and where the light bulbs will be placed, as if they were floating. In this existent false ceiling, a series of holes are made to decongest the premises and to accentuate the rhythm towards the interior, looking for a sensation of natural zenithal lighting. Most of the walls have auxiliary work bars, lined with white/blue bevel tile and white tile; the different combinatory motifs end up generating abstract murals that are distributed throughout the establishment, and at the same time they evoke Andalusian arabesques. Finally, a continuous self-levelling pavement is related to the walls, giving a sense of abstraction to the whole.

室内物品：两张边桌、折叠屏风、吧台、桌子。每个元素都为酒吧带来了不同的感受，为寻找不同生活方式的客人带来不同的空间氛围。高脚凳经过精心设计，其座椅的木制表面将空间中的软木元素与家具系统相联系。最后，建筑师在厕所入口处设置了一个洗脸盆，这与庭院中的郁郁葱葱形成对比。在那里，大型大理石渔船勾勒出的场景意向同样很好地呼应了整个场所。

Objects: two auxiliary tables, the folding screen, the bar-counter and the table. Each element, with its singularities, gives a different nature to each part of the bar, generating diverse atmospheres for customers who look for alternative ways of locating themselves. Tall stools are designed, and they relate the cork of the false ceiling to the rest of the establishment. Lastly, we opted for an exempt washbasin in the toilet hall, which contrasts with the green in the patio. As a whole, a series of elements that are part of the remains of the fictitious shipwreck of a large marble fishing boat.

建筑设计：AMOO
地点：西班牙，巴塞罗那
主创建筑师：Aureli Mora + Omar Ornaque
客户：'El Villa'Vermuteria del mar
面积：87.2㎡
项目时间：2018年
摄影：José Hevia

Architects: AMOO
Location: Carrer de Martínez de la Rosa, 27, 08012 Barcelona, Spain
Author Architects: Aureli Mora + Omar Ornaque
Client: 'El Villa'Vermuteria del mar
Area: 87.2 m2
Project Year: 2018
Photographs: José Hevia