Kieran Timberlake为美国驻伦敦大使馆设计完成了耗资七亿五千万英镑的“水晶立方体”
Kieran Timberlake completes ￡750 million "crystalline cube" for US Embassy in London

由专筑网王帅，李韧编译

Kieran Timberlake建筑事务所已经完成了美国驻伦敦大使馆的设计工作，这座建筑是一个设置在基座上的玻璃立方体，外面包裹着闪闪发亮的塑料帆，建筑周边是泰晤士河边上的池塘，如护城河一般。

Kieran Timberlake has completed work on the US Embassy in London, a glass cube swathed in shimmering sails of plastic that is set on a plinth and surrounded by a moat-like pond on the edge of the River Thames.

这个位于费城的工作室于2010年从该项目的投标竞赛中获胜，其设计方案体现了“美国政府的理想”，这座建筑在2013年破土动工。

新大使馆在2018年1月正式启用前将向新闻界公布，届时工作人员将陆续搬进大楼。

The Philadelphia-based firm won the competition to design an embassy to embody the "ideals of the American government" back in 2010 and the building broke ground in 2013.
The new embassy was unveiled to the press last week ahead of its official opening in January 2018, when staff will begin moving into the building.

这座建筑耗资七亿五千万英镑，取代了小沙里宁之前在梅菲尔区的设计作品，新建筑的设计是为了平衡硬性的安全标准和表达视觉语言的开放性。

这座立方体形式的建筑高65米，共12层，表面为夹层玻璃，在两侧的立面笼罩着透明的乙烯聚合物薄膜（ETFE），这与英国伊甸园项目中生物穹顶使用的塑料相同。

The ￡750 million building, which replaces the previous Eero Saarinen-designed address in Mayfair, has been engineered to balance impenetrable security standards with a visual language of openness.
The 65-metre-tall, 12-storey cube has a facade of laminated glazing enveloped on two sides with a transparent film of ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), the same type of plastic use for the bio-domes in the UK's Eden Project.

建筑师透露：“‘透明水晶立方体’象征着‘透明、开放、平等’。”

Kieran Timberlake团队因其可持续建筑作品而闻名，他们的设计作品充分运用了太阳能电池板的优点。

该建筑特殊的立面形式是为了减少太阳直射的同时，仍然满足室内采光。建筑的立面材料可以反光，其颜色根据天气和太阳照射的位置而变化。

The "transparent crystalline cube" is intended to symbolise "transparency, openness, and equality", according to the architects.
Kieran Timberlake, which has a reputation for designing sustainable architecture, has integrated features such as solar panels into the design of the building.
The unusual form of the building's facade is designed to minimise solar gain and glare while still allowing natural light in. The reflective facade shifts in colour according to the weather and the position of the sun.

大使馆总面积约48128平方米，该项目在奥巴马的任期内就得以委托，大使馆还使用了定向材料，目的是明确“建筑与环境的友好关系”。

2017年6月，美国建筑师学会和美国绿色建筑委员会对现任美国总统唐纳德•特朗普将美国从巴黎气候协议中撤出的行为进行谴责。

The 48,128-square-metre embassy, which was commissioned during Barack Obama's presidency, also makes use of responsibly sourced materials that demonstrate a commitment to "mapping a passage toward a diplomacy for the environment".
In June 2017, the American Institute of Architects and the US Green Building Council denounced current US President Donald Trump for pulling the country out of the Paris Climate Agreement.

游客需要在花园中走过弯曲的道路，然后走到主楼下面，绕过水面，到达广场北侧的一个展馆，从这里可以进入大使馆。

批评家指出，这座尚待填补的湖环绕着大使馆大楼，像是与伦敦塔的护城河相抗衡。

Visitors will enter the embassy through a pavilion on the northern side of the campus, before passing along curving pathways in the landscaped gardens and over a pond set into the large protective plinth the main building rests upon.
Critics have pointed out that this yet-to-be-filled pond surrounding the building appears as a protective moat to rival the Tower of London's.

池塘是建筑场地防汛的一部分，是为了减少对伦敦下水道系统施加的负担，并达到为园林灌溉的目的。

带型公园的规划是对传统的英国城市公园的展示，公园内种植了当地的橡树、高草和野花，以此来唤起美国的广阔草原和原始湿地的记忆景象，这些景色将遍布泰晤士河畔。

The pond is part of the as site's stormwater strategy, with the aim of reducing strain on London's sewer system and providing a water source for the gardens.
A linear park is planned as a nod to traditional English city parks, planted with native oak trees and tall grasses and wildflowers to recall both America's rolling prairies and the original wetlands that once occupied this stretch of the Thames.

雄伟的柱廊环绕建筑下部楼层，其中包含了三个出入口。工作人员和公务人员从主要入口进入，护照办理和签证查询业务由领事入口进入，第三个入口是人员维修和运送货物服务入口。

大楼内弯曲的通道环绕着楼层，每个楼层都有一个室内花园，代表着美国许多不同的景观，既有峡谷区国家公园，也有茂密的太平洋森林。

An imposing colonnade runs around the lower floors of the building, which has three entrances. The main entrance for staff and official visitors, a consular entrance for passport and visa enquiries, and a service entrance for maintenance staff and deliveries.
Curving walkways inside the building spiral round the floors, each of which has an interior garden representing the many varied landscapes found in America, from the deserts of the Canyonlands national park to the lush Pacific Forests.

大使馆包括公共场所、工作区、礼仪空间以及餐厅。工作空间被设计成灵活的区域，可以由大使馆工作人员自行调整，这些区域被安排在大楼的边界位置，不仅能享受自然光，并且能看到城市的景色。

领事大厅通向一楼和二楼的等候区，在等候区可以看到池塘和泰晤士河。一楼的主大厅则通往走廊、大楼梯和活动大厅。

The embassy includes public areas, work areas, ceremonial and symbolic spaces, and dining rooms. Flexible work spaces are designed so they can be adapted by embassy staff and have been placed on the perimeter where there is natural light and views of the city.
A ground-floor consular lobby leads to waiting areas on the first and second floors with views of the pond and the Thames. The main lobby on the ground floor opens to a gallery, grand staircase and events hall.

除了定向材料的使用，以及独特立面的设置，建筑师还运用了多种可持续策略，其中包括地源热泵，该策略能从地面提取热量，将同时产生热量和动力的热电机组和按需控制通风的装置结合起来。

建筑师声称，该建筑满足LEED白金级别标准，同时也满足BREEAM可持续性等级，这正是他们的目标。

Along with the responsibly sourced materials, pond and the facade, sustainable initiatives in the building include a ground source heat pump that extracts warmth from the ground, combined heat and power units that generate heat and power simultaneously and demand-controlled ventilation.
The architects claim that the environmental standards will go beyond the LEED Platinum and BREEAM Outstanding sustainability ratings that they are targeting.

大使馆位于泰晤士河西南岸的九榆树区，目前正在进行大范围的重建。

相比位于伦敦梅菲尔区的旧建筑，新建筑更接近伦敦政府办公室和威斯敏斯特议会大厦，而原有建筑则由David Chipperfield改建成酒店。

The embassy is located in Nine Elms, an area on the the southwestern bank of the Thames currently undergoing widespread regeneration.
Its new location is closer to government offices and Houses of Parliament in Westminster than its Mayfair predecessor, which is being converted into a hotel by David Chipperfield.

建筑师在当地的重建工作包括一个广场和公园，该项目将泰晤士河堤和九榆树（Nine Elms）巷连接到沃克斯站（Vauxhall Station）和巴特西（Battersea）中间的绿化行人街。

该项目所需七亿五千万英镑，主要通过出售美国在该城市的其他政府房产筹集而来。

The architects contributed to the local redevelopment effort by including a plaza and park connecting Thames embankment and Nine Elms lane to a new pedestrian greenway between Vauxhall Station and Battersea.
The ￡750 million needed to finance it was raised through selling off other US government properties in the city.

Kieran Timberlake建筑事务所由美国建筑师Stephen Kieran和James Timberlake在1984年创立。这家工作室最近的一个项目位于纽约州，建筑的外观是能映出周围森林环境的镜面材质。

摄影：Richard Bryant

Kieran Timberlake was founded by American architects Stephen Kieran and James Timberlake in in 1984. A recent project from the firm was a house in New York State with a mirrored facade that reflected the surrounding forest.
Photography by Richard Bryant.

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