瑞士巴塞尔火葬场
Crematory in Basel / Architekturbüro Garrigues Maurer

由专筑网王沛儒，李韧编译

由建筑事务所提供的文字描述：在离巴塞尔中心不远的莱茵河流域、靠近德国边界，这里有着瑞士最大的公墓，便是人们所说的“Hörnli”，这个如花园般的场所主要用于哀悼与纪念，这座建筑的边界性质较为模糊。同样，它是一个多元文化的场所，代表着人的前世今生。

Text description provided by the architects. Located not far from the centre of Basel, directly at the border to Germany, close to the Rhine lies Switzerland’s biggest cemetery. The so-called Hörnli is a place of mourning and devotion, which at the same time is a sensitive and precisely cultivated garden. It is placed on the border in an ambiguous sense. Likewise, it is a multicultural place that reflects our being together before and after death.

底层平面图/Ground Floor Plan

墓地完成于30年代，其现有的布局和建筑具有浓厚的古典几何秩序。这样的布局让人感觉条理清晰。全新的火葬场在2017年中期完成。建筑既是景观也是人们哀悼的象征与衬托，同时它也为人们带来了神圣的精神感受。

The cemetery was finished in the 30s and its existing layout and buildings are shaped by a straight classical geometrical order embedded in nature. This urban layout gives consolation in form of rationality and clarity. The new crematory, finished mid-2017 subordinates itself to these found patterns. It forms a background for both the landscape and the act of saying farewell. It creates a solemn experience, ecumenical and easily accessible to all.

纵截面/Longitudinal Section

沿着主要的道路，建筑的序列逐步展现。一个全新的入口以院落的形式在新旧体量之间形成连接，从那里人们进入到一个封闭的院子里，这是一个半私密空间，让哀悼者为逝者进行最后的送行。空间序列结束于火化室，建筑师通过建筑的高度变化来展示空间的演变，人们随着空间的指引逐步感受着由最初的大开窗到最后那指向天空的孤独烟囱。

Following the main alley, the building appears as an independent volume in line with the existing mortuary building. A new entrance-court forms a mediating space between the existing and new structures. From there you enter an enclosed courtyard providing an intimate, semi-public space only available to the respective mourners allowing a slow approach to the final act. This sequence of spaces ending in the cremation room is followed by a volumetric development in height. The building rises step by step from the lowest level of the entrance to its highest part, the free-standing chimney. These movements guide the families by creating a succession of spaces that ends and starts with the buildings one big open window opening towards the sky.

此外，这个全新的火葬场的另一大特点是具有即时的场景。除了焚化的工业过程和哀悼的情绪意外，建筑师通过砖石混凝土来表达建筑功能之间的过渡，混凝土是一种粗糙的工业产品，但砖是手工材料，后者延伸到建筑物周围，暴露在光和空气中，重新定义了一个既开放又封闭的矛盾形态。
  
Furthermore, the new crematory is characterized by the picture of simultaneity. The industrial process of incineration and the emotional exception of mourning. The translation is a building with a concrete structure and a brick skin. Concrete is a rough, industrial product, the brick is a hand-made and hand-laid material. The latter stretches around the building and opens to light and air, defining a porous border that is open and closed at the same time.

背景图/Context Plan

地下二层平面图/Second Basement Plan

地下一层平面图/First Basement Plan

横截面/Cross Section C

横截面/Cross Section B

建筑设计：Architekturbüro Garrigues Maurer
地点：瑞士
项目年份：2017年
摄影：Rasmus Norlander, Ariel Huber
合作方：Bernhard Maurer, Frédéric Garrigues, Eleonora Bassi
结构工程：Bollinger und Grohmann GmbH, Frankfurt am Main
景观设计：August + Margrith Künzel Landschaftsarchitekten AG, Binningen
客户：Immobilien Basel Stadt

•        Architects: Architekturbüro Garrigues Maurer
•        Location: Hörnliallee 70, 4125 Riehen, Switzerland
•        Project Year: 2017
•        Photographs: Rasmus Norlander, Ariel Huber
•        CollaboratorsvBernhard Maurer, Frédéric Garrigues, Eleonora Bassi
•        Structural Engineer: Bollinger und Grohmann GmbH, Frankfurt am Main
•        Landscape Architect: August + Margrith Künzel Landschaftsarchitekten AG, Binningen
•        Client: Immobilien Basel Stadt


出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。