Jun Igarashi Architects利用孔洞为北海道建造冬日小屋
Jun Igarashi Architects uses loophole in Japanese planning to equip Hokkaido house for snowy winters

由专筑网李韧，朱王倩编译

Jun Igarashi 建筑事务所在日本北海道西南海岸设计建造了这座住宅，该建筑有巨大的屋顶用于遮蔽露台，防止冬天的积雪在露台上堆积。

Jun Igarashi Architects found a work-around in Japanese building code to create this house on Hokkaido's southwest coast, which features a larger than average roof to protect a pair of patios from snowfall.

北海道位于日本最北部，冬天降雪量很大。冬天，来自世界各地的冰雪运动爱好者都聚集在这里，感受齐腰深的积雪，这些积雪常常会覆盖着山脉，冷空气来自西伯利亚，但是对于居民来说，积雪会造成许多生活的不便。

Winters in Hokkaido, Japan's northernmost island, are renowned for their snowfall. Snow-sports enthusiasts from around the world flock to experience the waist-deep powder that typically blankets the mountains, blown in on winds from Siberia crossing the Sea of Japan. But for residents, the snow can pose a problem.

“积雪给我们的生活带来许多限制。”北海道的建筑师Jun Igarashi说，这位建筑师在苫小牧的港口城市设计了Roof and Rectangular住宅。

“其中最严重的问题是清理积雪。房屋通常建在住宅区，这意味着建筑覆盖率很低。因此，屋顶的尺寸也相应变小。”

"Snowfall gives various restrictions to our life," explained Hokkaido-based architect Jun Igarashi, who designed the home named Roof and Rectangular House for a client in the port city of Tomakomai.
"The most serious of them is cleaning snow. Houses are often built mainly in residential areas. That means that the building coverage ratio is low. Therefore, the size of the roof becomes smaller."

日本建筑覆盖率规则规定，建筑的基地面积必须与其场地面积成比例。

Igarishi认为，这些建筑法规应取消对于建筑屋顶的尺寸规定，这样才能更好的保护建筑免受积雪的侵袭。

Building-coverage ratio rules in Japan stipulate that the footprint of the building has to be proportional to the size of the land it sits upon.
Igarishi thinks that these building codes should be abolished as small roofs leave little overhang to protect outdoor areas from snow.

他说：“针对雪地，建筑师们应该做的是通过设计的策略来改善生活状况，而不是一味地减少建筑露台的面积。”

为了证明这个逻辑，他利用目前的限制条件，设计建造了一个既能符合冬日气候，又实用宜居的家。

"Life in snowy land is dramatically improved by doing away with rather than easing of the building coverage ratio," he said.
To demonstrate his theory, he worked with the current restrictions to create a home that is both practical in a snowy climate but enjoyable to live in.

在可用空间之上尽可能地运用大屋顶，下方布置紧凑的房间，材质上则结合运用挡风板和金属波纹板。

The large roof maximises the built upon space available under the building-coverage ratio, with a smaller, compact one-room dwelling space below it. This timber-framed structure is clad in a combination of weatherboards and corrugated metal sheets.

“在屋顶之下的室内外间，有一处矩形的灰空间。”Igarashi解释说。

这个空间在规范上被定义为室内，因此，也可以是室外和室内、半室内和半室外。

"Between the interior space and the outdoor space there is a rectangle under the large roof," explained Igarashi.
"Although this space is treated as an indoor in the building code, physically it can be said that both outdoor and indoor, semi-indoor and semi-outdoor."

悬挑设计意味着两个室外空间能够免受冬季积雪与寒风的影响，让这座小屋一年四季都能保持着宜居的氛围。

屋顶下面的矩形灰空间在不同季节都有不同的生活乐趣，它把生活与城市和土地联系起来。这种灰空间的设计手法也是一个大胆的尝试。”Igarashi说。

The overhang design means two outdoor spaces will remain protected from winter snow cover and sheltered from cold winds, allowing for year-round enjoyment.
"The rectangle under the roof responds to the pleasure of life both summer and winter. And it will connect life with the city and the earth space. It is also an attempt [at the] possibility of an intermediate area," said Igarashi.

实际上，居住者可以把车停在建筑一侧的小阳台下方，室内的大窗户也面向这个空间敞开，在那里，居民可以留在温暖的室内的同时，欣赏到室外美景。

Practically, the occupants can park their car in the smaller sheltered terrace at one side of the building. Large windows also open out on to this space from both floors of the house, where residents can perch to observe the outside without having to leave the warmth indoors.

更大的露台主要用于存放工具和自行车棚，还有一个大型平台空间，居住者可以通过起居室的门进入这里，在室外坐着的同时又能感受到室内的温馨感。

The larger terrace includes sheds for storing tools and bicycles and a large terraced space, accessible via doors in the living area, for sitting outdoors while remaining sheltered from the elements.

居住空间安排在一个开放式的起居室、就餐区和厨房周围。就像Igarashi为札幌的一个家庭设计的住宅那样，室内运用了裸露的木材和白色金属元素。

The dwelling space itself is arranged around an open-plan living and dining area, and a sunken kitchen. Like the home Igarashi designed for a family in Sapporo, the interior features a combination of exposed timber surfaces and white-painted metal.

根据规范要求，地基必须建在霜降线以下，因此，建筑师将厨房地坪降低，这样对于展厅来说便有足够的层高空间。沿着建筑的长边有一个夹层书房，在这里，居住着可以俯瞰通高的生活空间。

“规范应当服务于功能。“Igarashi说，”有些人认为应当符合规范要求，但我认为，更应当的是去思考这些准则是否符合人们的生活需求。”

Codes stipulate that foundations must be built below the frost line, so by lowering the kitchen area into this space there is enough ceiling height above it for a gallery. This runs along the length of the building leading to a mezzanine study overlooking the double-height living space.
"The code primarily corresponds to performance, not to pleasure," Igarashi said. "Some people think it is natural, but I think that it is natural to think that its criterions [should be] for the purpose of people's pleasure."


出处：本文译自www.dezeen.com/，转载请注明出处。